Birthday Calendar Lab

Birthday Basics

1. 100 Name the yearly anniversary of a person's birth. Response: birthday A birthday is the anniversary of the birth of a person or the figurative birth of an institution. Source: Wikipedia, “Birthday”
2. 200 Besides a person, a birthday can mark the figurative birth of what? Response: institution A birthday is the anniversary of the birth of a person or the figurative birth of an institution. Source: Wikipedia, “Birthday”
3. 300 Besides gifts, what gathering is a common way to celebrate a birthday? Response: a birthday party Birthdays of people are celebrated in numerous cultures, often with birthday gifts, birthday cards, a birthday party, or a rite of passage. Source: Wikipedia, “Birthday”
4. 400 Which paper greeting is a common birthday custom? Response: birthday cards Birthdays of people are celebrated in numerous cultures, often with birthday gifts, birthday cards, a birthday party, or a rite of passage. Source: Wikipedia, “Birthday”
5. 500 What is the full date on which a person was born called? Response: birthdate There is a distinction between birthday and birthdate (also known as date of birth): the former, except for February 29, occurs each year (e.g. January 15), while the latter is the complete date when a person was born (e.g. January 15, 2001). Source: Wikipedia, “Birthday”
6. 600 What term means a period spanning ten years? Response: A decade Any period of ten years is a 'decade' or 'decennium'. Source: Wikipedia, “Decade”

Calendar Rules

1. 100 Which calendar is used in most parts of the world? Response: Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It went into effect in October 1582 following the papal bull Inter gravissimas issued by Pope Gregory XIII, which introduced it as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. Source: Wikipedia, “Gregorian calendar”
2. 200 In which month and year did today's worldwide calendar come into effect? Response: October 1582 The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It went into effect in October 1582 following the papal bull Inter gravissimas issued by Pope Gregory XIII, which introduced it as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. Source: Wikipedia, “Gregorian calendar”
3. 300 Which pope's papal bull brought in today's worldwide calendar? Response: Pope Gregory XIII The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It went into effect in October 1582 following the papal bull Inter gravissimas issued by Pope Gregory XIII, which introduced it as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. Source: Wikipedia, “Gregorian calendar”
4. 400 Which earlier system did the new calendar modify and replace? Response: Julian calendar The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It went into effect in October 1582 following the papal bull Inter gravissimas issued by Pope Gregory XIII, which introduced it as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. Source: Wikipedia, “Gregorian calendar”
5. 500 Under today's worldwide calendar, how long is the average year? Response: 365.2425 days The principal change was to space leap years slightly differently to make the average calendar year 365.2425 days long rather than the Julian calendar's 365.25 days, thus more closely approximating the 365.2422-day "tropical" or "solar" year that is determined by the Earth's revolution around the Sun. Source: Wikipedia, “Gregorian calendar”
6. 600 How many days are in a common, non-leap year? Response: 365 A common year is a calendar year with 365 days, as distinguished from a leap year, which has 366 days. Source: Wikipedia, “Common year”

Leap-Year Language

1. 100 Which old name for a leap year means a year with something inserted? Response: intercalary year A leap year (also known as an intercalary year or bissextile year) is a calendar year that contains an additional day (or, in the case of a lunisolar calendar, a month) compared to a common year. Source: Wikipedia, “Leap year”
2. 200 Which other old name for a leap year starts with bi? Response: bissextile year A leap year (also known as an intercalary year or bissextile year) is a calendar year that contains an additional day (or, in the case of a lunisolar calendar, a month) compared to a common year. Source: Wikipedia, “Leap year”
3. 300 What is the extra day added in a leap year called? Response: leap day The Gregorian calendar, the world's most widely used civil calendar, makes a further adjustment for the small error in the Julian algorithm; this extra leap day occurs in each year that is a multiple of 4, except for years evenly divisible by 100 but not by 400. Source: Wikipedia, “Leap year”
4. 400 Which type of calendar may add a month instead of a day? Response: lunisolar calendar A leap year (also known as an intercalary year or bissextile year) is a calendar year that contains an additional day (or, in the case of a lunisolar calendar, a month) compared to a common year. Source: Wikipedia, “Leap year”
5. 500 Which timing problem between calendars and seasons does insertion help avoid? Response: drift By inserting an additional day—a leap day—or an additional month—a leap month—into some years but not others, the drift between a civilisation's dating system and the physical properties of the Solar System can be avoided. Source: Wikipedia, “Leap year”
6. 600 Which month receives an extra day during a leap year? Response: February Under the reforms that instituted the Julian calendar, Intercalaris was abolished, leap years occurred regularly every fourth year, and in leap years February gained a 29th day. Source: Wikipedia, “February”

Months and Weeks

1. 100 Which calendar unit is about as long as one cycle of the lunar phases? Response: month A month is a unit of time, used with calendars, that is approximately as long as a natural phase cycle of the Moon; the words month and Moon are cognates. Source: Wikipedia, “Month”
2. 200 The word month shares its origin with which word for something in the sky? Response: Moon A month is a unit of time, used with calendars, that is approximately as long as a natural phase cycle of the Moon; the words month and Moon are cognates. Source: Wikipedia, “Month”
3. 300 How long is a month in today's worldwide calendar? Response: between 28 and 31 days Calendars that developed from the Roman calendar system, such as the internationally used Gregorian calendar, divide the year into 12 months, each of which lasts between 28 and 31 days. Source: Wikipedia, “Month”
4. 400 How long is a week in the western and international context? Response: seven days A week (in the Western and international context) is a unit of time equal to seven days. Source: Wikipedia, “Week”
5. 500 A week is the standard calendar period between which two others? Response: between a day and a month It is the standard calendrical period between a day and a month in most parts of the world. Source: Wikipedia, “Week”
6. 600 How many months make one calendar year? Response: 12 Calendars that developed from the Roman calendar system, such as the internationally used Gregorian calendar, divide the year into 12 months, each of which lasts between 28 and 31 days. Source: Wikipedia, “Month”
7. 700 Which weekday comes immediately before Sunday? Response: Saturday Saturday is the day of the week between Friday and Sunday. Source: Wikipedia, “Saturday”

Final round: Calendar Origins

This papal bull preceded the October 1582 start of the Gregorian calendar. Response: Inter gravissimas The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It went into effect in October 1582 following the papal bull Inter gravissimas issued by Pope Gregory XIII, which introduced it as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. Source: Wikipedia, “Gregorian calendar”