Elementary Science Review

Living Things

1. 100 The basic unit of all living things Response: A cell The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life or organisms. Source: Wikipedia, “Cell (biology)”
2. 200 The process plants use to make food from light Response: Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is a process in which green plants make their own food from sunlight, using the help of leaves to produce sugar. Source: Simple English Wikipedia, “Photosynthesis”
3. 300 An animal that eats only plants Response: An herbivore A herbivore is an animal anatomically or physiologically evolved to feed on plants, especially upon vascular tissues such as foliage, fruits or seeds, as the main component of its diet. Source: Wikipedia, “Herbivore”
4. 400 The change from caterpillar to butterfly Response: Metamorphosis As holometabolous insects, butterflies undergo complete metamorphosis, meaning that their life cycle comprises four stages. Source: Wikipedia, “Butterfly”
5. 500 The place where an organism lives Response: A habitat Habitat can be defined as the natural environment of an organism, the type of place in which it is natural for it to live and grow. Source: Wikipedia, “Habitat”

Earth and Space

1. 100 The planet on which we live Response: Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. Source: Wikipedia, “Earth”
2. 200 Earth's natural satellite Response: The Moon The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth. Source: Wikipedia, “Moon”
3. 300 The star at the center of our solar system Response: The Sun The Sun is the star located at the centre of the Solar System. Source: Wikipedia, “Sun”
4. 400 Molten rock below Earth's surface Response: Magma Magma is the melted rock under the ground. Source: Simple English Wikipedia, “Magma”
5. 500 The layer of gases surrounding Earth Response: The atmosphere An atmosphere is a layer of gases that envelop an astronomical object, held in place by the gravity of the object. Source: Wikipedia, “Atmosphere”

Matter

1. 100 The solid form of water Response: Ice Ice is water that is frozen into a solid state, typically forming at or below temperatures of 0 °C, 32 °F, or 273.15 K. Source: Wikipedia, “Ice”
2. 200 A state of matter that takes the shape of its container but keeps its volume Response: A liquid Liquid is a state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape. Source: Wikipedia, “Liquid”
3. 300 The temperature at which water freezes on the Celsius scale Response: 0 degrees Celsius 0 °C is the melting point of pure water at sea level (normal atmospheric pressure), and 100 °C is the boiling point of water at sea level. Source: Simple English Wikipedia, “Celsius”
4. 400 A material that allows electricity to pass through it easily Response: A conductor In physics and electrical engineering, a conductor is an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge (electric current) in one or more directions. Source: Wikipedia, “Electrical conductor”
5. 500 The smallest unit of an element that keeps that element's properties Response: An atom Atoms are the basic particles of the chemical elements and the fundamental building blocks of matter. Source: Wikipedia, “Atom”

Forces and Energy

1. 100 A push or a pull Response: A force Forces act in a particular direction and have sizes dependent upon how strong the push or pull is. Source: Wikipedia, “Force”
2. 200 The force that resists motion when surfaces rub Response: Friction Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding or grinding against each other. Source: Wikipedia, “Friction”
3. 300 Energy carried by moving electric charges Response: Electrical energy Electrical energy is the energy transferred as electric charges move between points with different electric potential, that is, as they move across a potential difference. Source: Wikipedia, “Electrical energy”
4. 400 A tool that uses a grooved wheel and a rope Response: A pulley A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft enabling a taut cable or belt passing over the wheel to move and change direction, or transfer power between itself and a shaft. Source: Wikipedia, “Pulley”
5. 500 The energy an object has because it is moving Response: Kinetic energy In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion. Source: Wikipedia, “Kinetic energy”

Science Skills

1. 100 A testable explanation for an observation Response: A hypothesis A scientific hypothesis must be based on observations and make a testable and reproducible prediction about reality, in a process beginning with an educated guess. Source: Wikipedia, “Hypothesis”
2. 200 The factor deliberately changed in an experiment Response: The independent variable In an experiment, the variable manipulated by an experimenter is something that is proven to work, called an independent variable. Source: Wikipedia, “Dependent and independent variables”
3. 300 Information collected during an investigation Response: Data Data is a collection of facts, figures, objects, symbols and events gathered from different sources. Source: Simple English Wikipedia, “Data”
4. 400 Using senses or tools to gather information Response: Observation Observation in the natural sciences refers to the active acquisition of information from a primary source. Source: Wikipedia, “Observation”
5. 500 Repeating a test helps improve this quality of the results Response: Reliability Test-retest reliability assesses the degree to which test scores are consistent from one test administration to the next. Source: Wikipedia, “Reliability (statistics)”

Final round: Life Science

Plants take in this gas and use it during photosynthesis. Response: Carbon dioxide Most photosynthetic organisms are photoautotrophs, which means that they are able to synthesize food directly from carbon dioxide and water using energy from light. Source: Wikipedia, “Photosynthesis”